Autoroute concessionaires
Much of the autoroute network in France is tolled, such motorways being franchised to private companies by way of a concession system. These companies look after the franchised autoroutes on behalf of the State, collecting toll payments and carrying out maintenance and infrastructure improvements, whilst the State maintains overall ownership of the network.
This has been the case for the past couple of decades, as a direct consequence of European legislation requiring the government to offload their ownership of concessions.
Most concessions are owned by one of three major groups - Sanef (Abertis), Vinci Autoroutes and Effiage - which manage nearly 95% of the network. This stems from the early days of the concession system, when the State grouped several motorways into a single package.
The remaining 5% are run by other consortia, which are more recent concessions that covered individual motorways, or smaller stretches of road.
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| l These motorways are not part of the concession system, and are free to use. | |||